Computer Science: Unit-wise Objective Question Bank

The new SEE Computer Science paper is short — two hours, fifty marks — and it opens with ten one-mark multiple-choice questions. They are the fastest marks on the paper, but the CDC model paper shows what kind of MCQs to expect: not only "what is the full form of…" but short scenarios, a line of Python whose output must be worked out, or a choice of the right file format for a job. This chapter drills those items unit by unit for the five units of the Python curriculum examined from 2083.

Each section opens with a facts line — the results the items in it actually use — then gives the items, then a key with a one-line reason. Work an item in under a minute; check it in ten seconds; move on.

20.1 Computer Network and Communication

Facts. Bandwidth is the maximum data rate of a link, throughput the rate actually achieved; time = data in bits ÷ rate, and 1 byte = 8 bits. Simplex is one way, half duplex both ways in turn, full duplex both ways at once. Guided media: twisted pair (CAT6, 100 m per run), coaxial, optical fibre (light, no electrical interference); unguided: radio, microwave, infrared, satellite, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth. RJ-45 is Ethernet (8 pins), RJ-11 telephone, BNC coaxial; ST, SC, LC and SMA are fibre connectors. A hub copies to every port, a switch uses MAC addresses, a router joins networks by IP address. A full mesh of n nodes has n(n−1)/2 links. IPv4 is 32 bits, IPv6 128 bits; 10.x, 172.16–31.x and 192.168.x are private.

1. The maximum amount of data a link can carry each second is its [1]athroughputbbandwidthclatencydfrequency
2. A 300 MB file is downloaded at a throughput of 40 Mbps. The time taken is [1]a7.5 sb60 sc75 sd120 s
3. Two friends talk on mobile phones, both able to speak at the same moment. The mode is [1]asimplexbhalf duplexcfull duplexdbroadcast
4. Which medium is not affected by electrical interference? [1]aUTP cablebcoaxial cablecoptical fibredSTP cable
5. The longest single run of CAT6 Ethernet cable allowed is [1]a10 mb100 mc500 md2 km
6. Which connector is used on coaxial cable for CCTV cameras? [1]aRJ-45bRJ-11cBNCdLC
7. The square, push-pull connector on most home fibre (FTTH) equipment is [1]aSTbSCcSMAdRJ-45
8. Which device forwards data between different networks using IP addresses? [1]ahubbswitchcrouterdrepeater
9. Which device sends every signal it receives to all its ports? [1]ahubbswitchcrouterdbridge
10. How many links does a full mesh of 7 computers need? [1]a7b14c21d42
11. A network spread over the whole Kathmandu Valley is a [1]aPANbLANcMANdWAN
12. In which network does every computer act as both client and server? [1]aclient–serverbpeer-to-peercstardWAN
13. Which of these is a private IPv4 address? [1]a172.20.4.1b172.40.4.1c8.8.4.4d1.1.1.1
14. Which command shows the IP address and default gateway of a Windows computer? [1]apingbipconfigcnslookupdtracert
15. A company's portal that only its own staff can open is an [1]aInternetbintranetcextranetdMAN

20.2 Database Management System

Facts. Data are raw facts; information is processed data. A DBMS (MySQL) manages a database; an RDBMS keeps it in tables linked by keys. Types: INT, DECIMAL(p, s) for money, VARCHAR(n) for names, CHAR(n) fixed, DATE written 'YYYY-MM-DD'. A field is a column, a record a row. Primary key: unique, never NULL, one per table; foreign key: refers to another table's primary key; composite key: two or more fields. Relationships: 1 : 1, 1 : M, M : N (through a junction table). DDL — CREATE, ALTER, DROP, TRUNCATE; DML — INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE. WHERE filters rows, ORDER BY sorts (ascending by default), LIKE matches patterns with % (any characters) and _ (one character).

1. "The class average in Computer is 72" is an example of [1]adatabinformationca fieldda key
2. Software that creates and manages databases is called [1]aa spreadsheetba DBMSca compilerda browser
3. The best data type for a price such as 545.50 is [1]aINTbDECIMAL(7,2)cDATEdCHAR(2)
4. In MySQL a DATE value is written as [1]a'15-04-2026'b'2026/15/04'c'2026-04-15'd2026.04.15
5. A column of a table is also called a [1]arecordbfieldcrowdquery
6. In the table borrow(roll, book_no, issue_date) a student may borrow many books. Which can be the primary key? [1]arollbissue_datec(roll, book_no)dbook_no alone
7. A foreign key [1]amust be uniquebrefers to the primary key of another tableccan never repeatdis always the first column
8. One district has many schools and each school is in one district. The relationship is [1]aone-to-onebone-to-manycmany-to-manydnone
9. Which of these is a DDL command? [1]aINSERTbUPDATEcALTERdSELECT
10. Which command removes a table together with its structure? [1]aDELETEbTRUNCATEcDROPdALTER
11. The prices in table items are 20, 60, 1200, 10 and 35. How many rows does SELECT * FROM items WHERE price > 30; return? [1]a2b3c4d5
12. WHERE name LIKE '%a' selects names that [1]astart with abend with accontain only adhave a as the second letter
13. If neither ASC nor DESC is written, ORDER BY sorts [1]ain descending orderbin ascending ordercat randomdin the order of entry
14. Which command changes data already stored in a table? [1]aALTERbUPDATEcINSERTdCREATE
15. MySQL Workbench is [1]aa Python editorba graphical tool for writing and running SQLca web browserda spreadsheet

20.3 Multimedia

Facts. Multimedia combines text, graphics, audio, video and animation. TXT stores plain text, RTF and DOCX formatted text, PDF a fixed layout. Raster images are pixels (JPG lossy, PNG lossless with transparency, GIF 256 colours and animation, BMP uncompressed); vector images are mathematical shapes (SVG) that stay sharp. Amplitude is loudness, frequency is pitch; audio size = sampling rate × bit depth × channels × seconds (÷ 8 for bytes); WAV is uncompressed, MP3 and AAC are compressed. Frames shown per second = frame rate; SD 720 × 480, HD 1280 × 720, FHD 1920 × 1080, 4K 3840 × 2160; MP4 = MPEG-4 Part 14, MOV is Apple's, AVI Microsoft's. Keyframe animation lets the software make the in-between frames (tweens).

1. Which one is NOT an element of multimedia? [1]aanimationbaudiocrouterdtext
2. Which text format keeps fonts and colours and opens in almost any word processor? [1]aTXTbRTFcCSVdMP3
3. An image 800 pixels wide and 600 pixels high contains [1]a1,400 pixelsb48,000 pixelsc480,000 pixelsd4,800,000 pixels
4. Which graphic stays sharp when enlarged to billboard size? [1]aa JPEG photoba vector drawingca BMP imageda GIF
5. A logo is needed with a transparent background and no loss of detail. Choose [1]aJPGbPNGcBMPdMP4
6. A GIF image can contain at most [1]a16 coloursb256 coloursc65,536 coloursd16.7 million colours
7. The pitch of a sound depends on its [1]aamplitudebfrequencycfile namednumber of channels
8. One second of mono, 8-bit sound sampled at 8,000 Hz needs [1]a1,000 bytesb8,000 bytesc64,000 bytesd128,000 bytes
9. Which audio format stores sound without compression? [1]aMP3bAACcWAVdOGG
10. A 5-second animation at 24 fps contains [1]a29 framesb60 framesc120 framesd240 frames
11. The HD resolution is [1]a720 × 480b1280 × 720c1920 × 1080d3840 × 2160
12. MP4 stands for [1]aMedia Player 4bMPEG-4 Part 14cMulti Picture 4dMotion Picture 4
13. In keyframe animation, the frames between two keyframes are [1]adrawn by handbcreated by the softwarecdeleteddstored as text
14. Which program is used to cut, arrange and export video clips on a timeline? [1]aAudacitybCapCutcNotepaddMySQL

20.4 Programming in Python

Facts. // is floor division, % the remainder, / always a float; range(start, stop, step) stops before stop; input() returns a string. A function is defined with def, default parameters come last, and a function with no return gives None. import math, from math import sqrt, import pandas as pd; random.randint(a, b) includes both ends. A regular n-gon needs turns of 360° ÷ n. 10 / 0 raises ZeroDivisionError, int("abc") ValueError; finally always runs. File modes: r (read), w (overwrite), a (append), x (new file only). pandas: df.shape is (rows, columns), df[df["Marks"] > 80] filters. Line charts show trends, bar charts compare, pie charts show parts of a whole.

1. What does print(7 // 2 + 7 % 2) display? [1]a3b3.5c4d4.5
2. Which of these is NOT a valid identifier? [1]atotal_marksb_countc2nd_termdmarks2
3. After x = 5, x += 3 and x *= 2, the value of x is [1]a10b13c16d26
4. for i in range(2, 10, 3): print(i, end=" ") displays [1]a2 5 8b2 5 8 11c3 6 9d2 4 6 8
5. With def f(a, b=4): return a * b, the call f(3) returns [1]a7b12c3dan error
6. A function that has no return statement returns [1]a0ban empty stringcNonedFalse
7. Which statement imports only the sqrt function from math? [1]aimport sqrtbfrom math import sqrtcimport math.sqrtdfrom sqrt import math
8. random.randint(1, 3) can never return [1]a1b2c3d4
9. After import math, print(math.floor(7.9), math.ceil(7.1)) displays [1]a7 8b8 7c7 7d8 8
10. To draw a regular pentagon, the turtle must turn at each corner by [1]a60°b72°c90°d108°
11. print(10 / 0) raises [1]aValueErrorbTypeErrorcZeroDivisionErrordNameError
12. Which file mode raises an error if the file already exists? [1]a"r"b"w"c"a"d"x"
13. A DataFrame df has 8 rows and 7 columns. df.shape is [1]a56b(7, 8)c(8, 7)d[8, 7]
14. Which expression selects the rows whose Marks are more than 80? [1]adf["Marks" > 80]bdf[df["Marks"] > 80]cdf.Marks(80)ddf.select(Marks > 80)
15. Which chart best shows the share of each expense in a family's monthly budget? [1]aline chartbscatter plotcpie chartdhistogram

20.5 AI and Contemporary Technologies

Facts. Every AI in use today is narrow AI; ML learns from data. Supervised learning uses labelled data, unsupervised finds groups in unlabelled data, reinforcement learns from rewards. Robots sense (sensors), think (controller) and act (actuators). LLMs write by predicting the next token; image generators remove noise step by step; false but confident output is hallucination. AI ethics: bias, privacy, security; reduce bias with diverse data. IoT: things with sensors that share data and act. VR replaces reality, AR adds to it. Cloud models: IaaS (servers), PaaS (platform), SaaS (ready software). e-Commerce (Daraz), e-governance (Nagarik App: G2C), e-education (Sikai Chautari).

1. Chatbots and face unlock are examples of [1]anarrow AIbgeneral AIcsuper AIdself-aware AI
2. Grouping customers by their shopping habits, with no groups given in advance, is [1]asupervised learningbunsupervised learningcreinforcement learningdmanual entry
3. An agent that learns from rewards and penalties uses [1]asupervised learningbunsupervised learningcreinforcement learningdno learning
4. The part of a robot that measures the distance to an obstacle is a [1]asensorbactuatorcgripperdprompt
5. A large language model writes an answer by [1]acopying a whole web pagebpredicting the next token again and againclooking up a dictionarydasking a human
6. An AI image generator usually begins with [1]aa photographbrandom noiseca pencil sketchdan MP3 file
7. When an AI tool states a false fact confidently, it is called [1]aencryptionbhallucinationctweeningdstreaming
8. Submitting an AI-written essay as your own work breaks the rule of [1]aprivacybacademic honestycbandwidthdcloud storage
9. Training an AI on data from only one group of people mainly causes [1]abiasbfaster speedcbetter privacydlower cost
10. A street light that switches itself off when no one is nearby is an example of [1]aIoTbVRcSaaSde-commerce
11. A game that shows creatures on the real street through a phone camera uses [1]avirtual realitybaugmented realitycIaaSda PAN
12. Renting virtual servers from Amazon EC2 is [1]aSaaSbPaaScIaaSde-governance
13. The Nagarik App is an example of [1]ae-commercebG2C e-governancece-educationdvirtual reality
14. Daraz is an example of [1]aB2C e-commercebG2G e-governancecPaaSdan intranet